Fabrication and Study of Conductive Aerogel Membranes

Abstract

Aerogel is a polymer produced by removing the liquid phase in a gel, leaving a solid framework surrounded by porous pockets filled with air. This structure makes aerogel a promising material as a thermal insulator, a potentially a conductive device, and most importantly a rapid, reusable multiuse tool for purifying water. The research conducted so far focuses on building an environmentally friendly aerogel that is highly stable in water, yet rapidly absorbs non-polar liquids such as oils. Two different aerogels were produced by cross-linking cellulose from used tea leaves with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDE). Cellulose was chosen for its natural hydrophobicity, and has been proven as an ideal aerogel material for the desired properties. The polymers were converted to aerogel via freeze drying and a curing process. Graphene oxide (GO) was added to one aerogel as a way to increase the conductivity and improve structural rigidity. Characterization and physical testing of the aerogels shows promise in the synthesis and desired adsorbent properties, as the both aerogels do not readily absorb water, yet absorb hexane. Added GO increased the structural stability in water compared to BDE and cellulose. Future plans are to design a method that allows the aerogels to act as a membrane, or gated ion channel, controlled by a voltage. This has promise to transport ions through a membrane, and could be used to desalinate and remove heavy metals from water.

Discipline: Chemistry

Faculty Mentor: Dr. Samuel Mugo